Resumen El diálogo de saberes es un método cualitativo que busca comprender, sintetizar, teorizar y contextualizar el conocimiento; permite entender los problemas y necesidades que tiene la población, mediante la reflexión y discusión de los actores, basándose en las palabras de la misma población. Este artículo reflexiona sobre el diálogo de saberes para explicar cómo este permite identificar de manera más cercana la situación, problemas y necesidades de salud que tiene la población. También presenta una revisión de experiencias similares, evidenciando la utilidad que tiene el uso de este método. Asimismo, se sugiere que el diálogo de saberes sea un punto de partida para el estudio e intervención de las principales problemáticas de la población, y a su vez integrar el conocimiento médico con los saberes tradicionales que se enmarcan dentro de la Atención Primaria en Salud (APS).

Abstract Knowledge dialogues is a method of qualitative methodologies that seeks to understand, synthesize, theorize and contextualize knowledge. Knowledge dialogues is a suitable method to understand and identify health problems and needs of the population. Through knowledge dialogues and the reflection and discussion, they promote, community actors and health professionals can understand deeper concerns of each other. This article refers to the review of the subject of knowledge dialogues to explain how using this type of approach one can identify more closely the situation, problems and needs that people have. The article also presents a review of similar experiences, demonstrating the utility of this method. In conclusion it is suggested that knowledge dialogues remains a key factor to focus in the study and intervention of population groups, acknowledging its existence, together with integrating medical knowledge with traditional knowledge are part of primary health care (PHC).

ABSTRACT Primary health care looks beyond clinical services to health promotion and primary prevention at the population level. In 2011, Colombia adopted a normative approach to primary health care, to advance efforts to set health priorities and transcend a curative, hospital-based system. An intervention was carried out in eight communities in Bogotá and Cundinamarca, Colombia to build community capacity to influence health. Activities included training community leaders to design and implement health improvement initiatives aimed at the most important health problems identified by their organizations. Twenty-eight leaders completed the training. They designed and implemented eight health improvement plans to address the most important health problems in their respective communities: protecting public spaces for children’s physical activities, improving family practices in child nutrition, organizing a health insurance beneficiaries’ health promotion network, organizing a service delivery network for homeless persons, connecting people with cognitive disabilities to treatment services, combatting violence against women, working against child abuse, and integrating health education into school curricula. Lessons were learned about capacity-building in primary care, approaches to strengthening intra- and interinstitutional conditions, and managing processes for community ownership. The intervention enabled development of initiatives for solving various problems by different types of organizations, highlighted participants’ understanding of their role as health agents, and promoted community participation and intersectoral action.

Introduction. Information about medical employment after the specialist's training period should be an essential requirement for planning of future teaching needs. In the same way, it would be convenient to consider the trainee's opinion about their training period in order to identify different areas to be improved. The aim of this study was to analyse the opinion of doctors trained in the University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante about their working conditions and teaching program. Subjects and methods. In the period between June/2013 and April/2014, an observational descriptive study through a questionnaire survey was performed, including two groups of questions that were answered by the specialists trained in the Health Department of Alicante-San Juan after 20 years (1993-2012). Sixteen medical specialities were analysed. Results. The questionnaire was answered by 71% of 272 trained specialists, 93% of hospital specialties (not including primary care). When the questionnaire was answered, any of the specialists was on unemployment. Seventy four percent had a stable job, and 75% were working in the province of Alicante. In 9 of the 16 specialties, more than 80% of the specialists were already working in the first month after finishing their training period. Almost 70% would choose the same specialty again. Ninety three percent expressed to feel solvent in their job as a specialist. Conclusions. Seven percent of the specialists remained in unemployment more than 6 months and, in nuclear and internal medicine, the number of unstable jobs exceeded the stable jobs. However, up to 2012, the working and educational situation of medical specialists trained in the University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante can be considered satisfactory, with full employment and a very good self-perception of solvency.

Introducción. La información sobre la situación laboral de los especialistas MIR tras su período formativo debería ser un requisito indispensable para una adecuada planificación de la oferta en formación especializada. De igual forma, sería conveniente disponer de la opinión de los egresados sobre su período formativo para identificar áreas de mejora. El objetivo de este estudio es el análisis de ambos aspectos entre los especialistas formados en el Hospital Universitario San Juan de Alicante y su Departamento de Salud tras 20 años de experiencia docente (1993-2012). Sujetos y métodos. Entre junio de 2013 y abril de 2014 se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional descriptivo mediante encuesta de opinión que incluía preguntas en dos bloques, laboral y formativo, y que se distribuyó entre los MIR formados en el centro en el período 1993-2012. El número de especialidades analizadas fue 16. Resultados. De los 272 especialistas, respondió a la encuesta un 71%, el 93% en las especialidades hospitalarias. Al responderla, ninguno se encontraba en paro. Un 74% tenía trabajo estable y el 75% trabajaba en la provincia de Alicante. En nueve de las 16 especialidades, más del 80% de los especialistas encontró trabajo en el mes tras finalizar el período MIR. Casi el 70% volvería a elegir la plaza en la que se formó. El 93% de los encuestados manifestó sentirse solvente al realizar su trabajo. Conclusiones. Aunque un 7% de los especialistas tardó más de seis meses en encontrar trabajo y en dos especialidades (medicina nuclear y medicina interna) el trabajo inestable superó al estable, la situación laboral y formativa de los MIR egresados en nuestro departamento hasta el año 2012 puede considerarse satisfactoria, con pleno empleo y niveles altos de percepción de solvencia en su trabajo como especialistas.